Federal Employment Law

Federal employment law is a diverse body of legislation protecting the rights of workers and employers that engage in interstate commerce. Typically, the term interstate commerce has come to encompass any business using a computer, telephone, or the mail system to conduct business, therefore, federal employment law encompasses almost all private sector businesses, unless otherwise specifically noted. The federal level employment laws are the culmination of over a century of employment legislation approved, amended, and ratified by Congress, which has changed significantly over the years. Some of the longest standing and preeminent federal employment laws include the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Equal Pay Act, the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Taft-Hartley Act, the Occupation Safety and Health Act, and the Family and Medical Leave Act. In many cases, the Department of Labor oversees the enforcement of these laws through administrations and commissions, such as OSHA, the EEOC, and other entities tasked with monitoring employment actions throughout the United States.

Fast Facts

  • Any situation not specifically addressed by federal labor law can be decided at the discretion of individual states
  • In the event state laws offer more protection than federal laws to workers, the most beneficial law to employees is applicable

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